Many wild insects are toxic to dragons bc of toxins that they come into contact with while others are simply toxic themselves i.e Fire Flies. Bees are touch and go, some Dragons have been ok after eating them while others have become ill. No one is sure if this is species related or toxin contaminates.
How is your beardie doing now?? It's been more than a few hours now and I would say that it's safe to assume that if there hasn't been any signs of uncomfort or pain by now then he should be fine.
You might want to try feeding a few drops of olive oil, which will work as a laxative to your beardie, just to help him pass the bee sooner.