Hi Megan, congrats on your rescue dragon.
Don't be too worried, the toe shed looks completely normal but pulling on a scale or on the shed is what hurt, not the shed itself. Don't pull it or rub it at all. You can put a dab of raw honey on it , or an even Neosporin , not because it's infected or unhealthy but simply to loosen the skin. There's nothing there that looks troublesome and it should come off on it's own.
Uneven sheds are VERY normal for beardies, here's a pic of one of mine,.
https://www.beardeddragon.org/media/29897/full
Don't bother with extra baths either, just 1-2 X a week. You can also spritz him in the tank once a day.