Just to throw you a quick reply...
You will need 10.0 regardless of length of the bulb or the tank size. For a 40 gal I want to say 48" bulb is too big, so a 36" would do just fine, as long as you mount it above the basking side. I would think a 24" would be too small.
The 10.0 is a intensity of the UV-B emittion from the bulb, Bearded Dragon require 10.0, 5.0 would not provide enough.
Never used Compact Flourescent (CFL) bulbs, they can/will cause eye issues/strain on your Bearded Dragon if you do.
That heat bulb with the combo would would from a spot lamp, as long as you are getting ~105F at the basking spot. If you are looking to just use one bulb for basking and UV-B...Look inot Murcery Vapor Bulbs (MVB). They will provide both, as well as D3, so you would not need D3 in the Calcium powder, but if you do not use MVB bulbs you will need D3 in the Calcium powder.