From my understanding, heat works very well on coccidia. So cleaning off organic debris (fecal matter, etc), then baking at the highest temp your comfortable with (since it’s wood, no higher than 300), should work very well to kill coccidia....and just about everything else for that matter. Leave it in the oven long enough to bring it completely up to temperature for about 15-20 minutes. Wood can be dumped right into a hot oven, but rocks and tiles (stone or ceramic) should be placed in a cool even and slowly brought up to temp. Also, if you ever bake these materials, make sure to turn the oven off but leave the door closed and let them slow cool down in the oven. Opening the door quickly can cause them to crack or shatter from the rapid temp change.
I personally use about 275 degrees for about 20-30 minutes (thats when the item is up to temperature, not just placing it in an 250 degree oven for 30 minutes). If possible, boiling for 20 minutes will also work.
Additionally high intensity UV light and Ozone are great at killing Coccidia, and virtually everything else (difficult to implement).
I try not to use bleach solutions on porous materials, unless I have the time to soak them in water afterwards to remove all the bleach residue. Also, bleach, in a 10% dilution, is not very effective against Coccidia, so you’re introducing a potential toxin for no real gain if killing coccidia is your goal. Bleach (10%) works well on most other forms of parasites, fungi, and bacteria found in reptile enclosures. Make sure that the bleach solution has at least 10-20 minutes of contact time for proper sanitization.
It loses potency quickly, so mix a fresh solution whenever you use it, and always use it above 50 degrees F, as it loses effectiveness below 50 degrees. Also, don't mix it with hot water, this is potentially dangerous (smell the chlorine? Not good!), and hot water can reduce the effectiveness of bleach.
Coccidia can be difficult to kill, and the most foolproof method I know of is heat (steam, oven, etc). Baking cage furniture is easy, but you can't bake an entire beardy viv, and the chemicals that can kill Coccidia are usually very dangerous. I know Roccal D is very effective, however QUATS or quaternary ammonia compounds (like Roccal D), need to be thoroughly rinsed before returning the animal to the enclosure, and are just as caustic as bleach. That said, they are very effective sanitizers. Roccal D runs about $100 a gallon, but its effective dilution rates are about 1 ounce to a gallon of water....so it lasts a long time, and Roccal D has a built in detergent...so it cleans and sanitizes. Virkon S has also been shown to be a great sanitizer, and it can be purchased in convenient tablet form. It can kill coccidia when mixed properly, and is effective even in the presents of organic debris, though they should be cleaned aways first. It is peroxide based and must be used freshly mixed, as once mixed it doesn't last long.
The cheapest method is using a 10% ammonia solution. Let it set for 20 minutes, then rinse like crazy. I personally don't like ammonia because of the smell, but for over the counter cleaners this is the only one that is very effective against Coccidia.
The thing people always seem to forget about sanitization is contact time. Even the most caustic of products need to sit for some time to be effective. When dealing with Coccidia, I recommend a contact time of about 20 minutes, regardless of the product you are using. I wouldn't soak steel or metal, as these are commonly corroded by certain sanitizers like Bleach or ammonia; instead, bake or boil.
This is my personal cleaning regime.
Step one, remove organic debris. This is done with warm water and some soap (dish soap). Organic debris will be a great places for bacteria and viruses to hang out. Also, organic debris deactivates or inhibits many sanitizers (like bleach).
Step two, rinse (soap can deactivate many sanitizers)
Step three, soak in chlorhexidine mixture (freshly mixed), for 30 minutes. I soak items that can't be heated, like plastic plants and the viv itself. Chlorhexidine is effective on most common forms of bacteria found in reptile enclosures, and can kill many viruses, but it’s very animal friendly, and does not need to be rinsed off (though it can't hurt). That said, it will NOT kill coccidia, so if you’re dealing with some knarly bugs....stronger sanitizers are needed (I recommend QUATs, like Roccal D).
Step 4-optional, bake all small oven friendly items (substrate tiles, wood cage furniture, etc) at 275 degrees for at least 30 minutes (time starts when item reaches 275 degrees throughout). This temperature and duration will kill most of the bad stuff that reptile owners are worried about, but true sterilization needs to be done at higher temperatures for longer periods (that said, sterlization is not needed in this instance). If your interested, a sustained temp of 320 degrees for 2 hours will kill virtually everything (300 degrees at 2.5hrs, 285 degrees at 3hrs).
